Hyaluronate sodium treatment for internal derangement of temporomandibular joint: a systematic review based on randomized controlled trials / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the efficacy and safety of hyaluronate sodium (HS) for internal derangement of temporomandibular joint by means of systematic review on relevant randomized controlled trials.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After identifing the study question of the efficacy and safety of HS for internal derangement of temporomandibular joint, Medline, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, EMBASE, OPEN SIGLE and CBM were searched electronically till October 3rd 2010. Hand-searching covering 19 dental journals in Chinese were also performed. Risk of bias assessment, with Cochrane Collaboration's tool, and data extraction of included studies were conducted by two reviewers in duplicate. Meta analysis was done with Revman 5.0.23 and the quality of evidence was evaluated by GRADE.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>10 randomized controlled trials met the eligibility criteria and were included. All these studies had unclear risk of bias. When compared with negative control, HS showed a significant advantage on maximal mouth opening in short and long-term (P < 0.05), and clinical overall assessment in short-term (P < 0.05), but its effect on pain control and long-term effect on clinical overall assessment had no extra benefit (P > 0.05). Additionally, when compared with glucocorticoids, the participants who received HS injection would get a better clinical overall assessment in short-term and less adverse drug reactions (P < 0.05), but presented a similar temporomandibular joint pain relief and maximal mouth opening (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>To a certain extent, HS had good efficacy and better safety than controls when treating internal derangement of temporomandibular joint. However, as the quality of some included studies were limited, more randomized controlled trials are needed to reinforce the conclusion.</p>

Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis for reporting quality of Chinese meta-analysis on stomatology / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the current status and influence factors of reporting quality of the Chinese meta-analysis on stomatology.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A comprehensive electronic search was carried out through Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM), VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and a hand searching was also performed through 19 stomatological journals in Chinese to identify meta-analysis on stomatology. Two reviewers took responsibility for study inclusion, data extraction and reporting quality assessment with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) in duplicate and any disagreement was resolved by discussion.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 34 meta-analysis on stomatology were eligible, most of them were on oral medicine and oral and maxillofacial surgery, and mainly focusing on etiology, prevention and treatment of oral diseases. The number of the meta-analysis increased during recent years. Reporting quality of the meta-analysis was not high and the PRISMA scored (13.6 ± 4.2). The main factors that influenced the reporting quality of meta-analysis were published on evidence-based medicine journals (adjusted β = 0.53, t = 4.15, P < 0.001) and year of publication (adjusted β = -0.44, t = -3.28, P = 0.001). The sensitivity analysis showed that this outcome was stable.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Reporting quality of the Chinese meta-analysis on stomatology is low. To provide sufficient evidence to the clinicians and promote the development of evidence-based dentistry in China, experts on stomatology should study the knowledge of evidence-based medicine and comply with PRISMA statement when producing the meta-analysis.</p>

Expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor in synovial fluid of patients with temporomandibular disorders / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the level of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) in synovial fluid of patients with temporomandibular disorders and to analyze their relation with temporomandibular disorders (TMD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Synovial fluid was obtained from 64 sides of 56 TMD patients and from 16 sides of 10 asymptomatic healthy volunteers (control). The concentrations of uPA and uPAR in the synovial fluid were measured by ELISA. Forty-eight sides of TMD were divided into 3 groups: arthrosis, structure disorder and osteoarthrosis, each including 16 sides.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The levels of uPA and uPAR were significantly higher in the synovial fluid of TMD patients than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and the level of uPA and uPAR in osteoarthrosis group was significantly higher than that in arthrosis and structure disorder group (P < 0.05). However, there was no difference in expression of uPA and uPAR between arthrosis and structure disorder groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>uPA and uPAR in the synovial fluid may play a role in the pathogenesis of TMD, and the level of uPA and uPAR in synovial fluid of TMD could be used as a biochemical markers to reflect pathological degree of TMD.</p>

Survey of the patients with cleft lip and palate in China who were funded for surgery by the Smile Train Program from 2000 to 2002 / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Cleft lip (CL) and cleft palate (CP) are two of the most frequent congenital malformations. Many epidemiologic studies on this deformity have been conducted worldwide, often producing inconsistent results. This study assessed epidemiology and some genetic aspects of cleft lip and palate in a Chinese sample from the Smile Train Program and to compare with other methodologically sound surveys.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The general information, family history, classification of cleft and associated malformations of 8000 CL and CP surgery patients were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 8000 cases, 7812 had complete data. The distribution of cleft types is 17.04% with CP, 23.39% with CL and 59.58% with cleft lip and palate (CLP). Unilateral clefts were more common than bilateral, with unilateral to bilateral ratios being 10.4:1 for CL, and 3.42:1 for CLP. The overall male:female ratio was 2.01:1. Left sided defects were more common than right sided regardless of sex, 1.90:1 for CL and 1.96:1 for CLP. CLP and CL were more common in males than in females with sex ratios (SR) of 2.88:1 and 1.85:1 respectively, whereas CP was more common in females with SR of 0.76:1. Associated malformations (2.89%), involved 29 CP cases, 41 CL and 156 CLP. The frequency of associated malformations in CLP (3.35%) was higher than CL (2.24%) and CP (2.22%) (P < 0.05). Patients with CP or CLP were born less often in the winter than in the summer (P < 0.05). A history of family members having clefts occurred in 6.84% of patients. The proportion of CLP cases (7.56%) was significantly higher than that of CL cases (5.64%) (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The different types of clefts appeared in the highest proportion in CLP and lowest proportion in CP. Males are more common with CL and CLP and less common with CP. These characteristics are the same as those of other Chinese surveys but different from some European reports.</p>

The malocclusion of primary dentition in the suburb of Chengdu: a cross-section survey / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To reveal malocclusion of primary dentition in the suburb of Chengdu.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cross-section survey and malocclusion rate calculation were performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There are 491 children with malocclusion from total 1 279 children; the rate of malocclusion is 38.38%. The most important malocclusion in primary dentition are over bite (III degrees), anterior cross bite, edge to edge bite, early loss of deciduous teeth, fused teeth.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The rate of malocclusion of primary dentition in the suburb of Chengdu is a little bit light. Much work should be done to prevent or treat the malocclusion of primary dentition.</p>

An outcome analysis of two methods of intra-capsular injection of sodium hyaluronate for temporomandibular disorders / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the treatment outcome of the two methods of intra-capsular injection of temporomandibular joints, the upper capsule alone and both the upper and lower capsules, for different subtypes of temporomandibular disorders.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective cohort study was designed, based on the outpatients and the data which were obtained from West China Stomatological Hospital, Sichuan University. SPSS10.0 software was used to analyze the data, which were collected before the operation and one week after the operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>294 patients were followed up. The group of double capsules injection gained better prospect, not only on the mouth-opening but also the pain-cured, especially in two subgroups such as the anterior dislocation of disc without reduction and the osteoarthritis of TMJ.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It seems that the double capsules injection of sodium hyaluronate for TMD can gain better outcome than the upper capsule injection, but a clinical randomized controlled test and a long-term follow-up study of the two methods are needed to verify this finding.</p>

Anesthetic efficacy of 2% mepivacaine in conservative dentistry / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the efficacy of 2% mepivacaine in conservative dentistry.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The patients who needed cavity preparation or access to pulp chamber received local infiltration with 2% mepivacaine. Anesthesia time, anesthetic efficacy and cardiovascular system influences were assessed. 3% lidocaine with epinephrine served as control.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In experiment group, the anesthesia effects were quicker and anesthesia duration was longer than that in control group. Doctors highly appreciated the anesthetic efficacy. Two groups did not show any evident change in blood pressure and heart rate.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>2% mepivacaine is a safe and efficacious local anesthetic drug in conservative dentistry.</p>